![]() ![]() Some materials have a stronger attraction to electrons than other materials. Under some circumstances, it is possible for neutral atoms or molecules, which normally contain equal numbers of positive and negative charges (protons and electrons), to acquire extra electrons and turn into negative ions, or to give up electrons and turn into positive ions. (Other ceiling materials may also work.) If the atmospheric humidity is low enough, the balloon should stick to the ceiling. Take the side of the balloon that was rubbed and press it against a plasterboard ceiling. Your hair should be pulled up along with the balloon (figure 1). After about 10 seconds of rubbing, pull the balloon away from your hair. You might be able to hear the crackle of static electricity as you do so. On a dry day, blow up a rubber balloon and rub it back and forth over your hair. ![]() Even though the positive charges on the pith ball are closer to the balloon, there are enough negative charges overall to overcome the attractive force due to charge separation and push the ball away from the balloon. 3: Negatively charged pith ball being repelled by a negatively charged balloon.
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